Most collections professionals know that inert, powder-coated steel furniture is the preferred choice for collection storage. But in many museums, archives, libraries and historic sites, wood storage is already part of the landscape—and replacing it all at once is rarely realistic.
Wood furniture may have been selected for cost, appearance or convenience. Over time, however, wood and composite wood products can release acids and other volatile compounds that may affect collection materials. This is particularly important in enclosed cabinets and drawers, where emissions can build up.
Replacement with appropriate inert storage remains the best long-term goal. Until that is possible, the steps below can help reduce exposure and make existing wood storage safer for collections.
Practical Steps for Collections
- Create separation between collections and wood. Avoid placing objects directly on wooden shelves or in unlined drawers. Use appropriate archival boxes, folders, sleeves, trays or supports to establish a protective layer.
- Line wooden storage surfaces. Add a barrier to the insides of drawers and shelf tops. High-barrier films such as Marvelseal, along with glass, acrylic sheet or sheet aluminum, can help separate collections from off-gassing wood.
- Use coatings thoughtfully. If sealing wood is part of your mitigation plan, select a moisture-borne polyurethane and avoid oil-based or alkyd coatings. Always review product recommendations with a conservator or preservation professional before proceeding.
- Build in curing time. Allow at least four weeks for a coating to cure before returning objects to enclosed storage. Keep cabinets and drawers open during that period whenever possible.
- Increase air exchange. Periodically opening closed cabinets and drawers can reduce the concentration of accumulated volatile compounds. This can be especially helpful for furniture that cannot be modified or replaced immediately.
- Triage sensitive materials first. Prioritize more vulnerable materials, such as paper-based collections, photographs, metals and objects with sensitive finishes or dyes. Add enclosure and barrier layers—or relocate these collections—before addressing more stable materials.
A note on mitigation: No barrier or coating completely eliminates emissions from wood. These strategies can lower risk and buy time, but they should support—not replace—a longer-term plan to move collections into appropriate inert storage.
🚨 When To Consult a Conservator
Bring in a conservator before sealing furniture or making substantial changes when:
- The furniture is historic, original to the building or otherwise significant.
- You are housing high-value, fragile or chemically sensitive objects.
- You are unsure whether the wood is solid wood, plywood, particleboard, MDF or another composite product.
- You need help selecting and installing barrier materials without creating new risks, such as abrasion, moisture trapping or inadequate ventilation.
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